The Abyssinian wheatear (Oenanthe lugubris), or Abyssinian black wheatear, is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae, the Old World flycatchers and chats. It is found from Ethiopia to southern Kenya and north-eastern Tanzania.

The Abyssinian wheatear is a dark wheatear which shows sexual dichromatism, with the males being darker than the females. The males have black upperparts, throat and breast and a grey cap with darker streaks. The colour of the belly varies, both within individuals and geographic populations, from white to black. The females are mainly dark brown with heavy streaking on their paler breast and belly. Both males and females have buff under tail coverts, and the tail has a black inverted T pattern on a buff background, best seen in flight. The length of the nominate subspecies is 14 cm (5.5 in).

The three subspecies of Abyssinian wheatear vary as follows:

O. l. lugubris: The males have a grey or greyish brown crown with darker streaks, a black face and upper parts with buff rump and upper tail coverts change in colour from buff to white at the base and the upper sides of the tail. The extent of white on the underparts varies, with most birds being black except for the white under tail coverts, while others may have black restricted to the throat and breast. The females have dark brown upper parts apart from the white, buff, or light orange rump and upper tail coverts, with the underparts being greyish buff with darker streaks on the throats and breasts, which frequently extend onto the whitish flanks.

O. l. schalowi: This subspecies is a little larger than the nominate subspecies and has browner upper parts with a buff orange lower belly and upper tail coverts.

O.l. vauriei: In this subspecies, the males have a pale greyish white to dull sooty buff crown streaked with brown, and a blackish forehead. The crown colour can extend as a diffuse patch onto the upper mantle, while the remainder of the upper parts of the rump is black with pale fringes on the fresh feathers. The rump and upper tail coverts are white to orange buff, a little lighter in colour than those on Schalow's wheatear. The lower head and upper breast are black, with the lower breast and flanks being greyish white with a white belly and buff under tail coverts. The females of this subspecies are paler than female Schalow's wheatear.