The red-winged wood rail (Aramides calopterus) is a species of bird in the subfamily Rallinae of the rail, crake, and coot family Rallidae. It is found in Brazil, Ecuador and Peru.

The red-winged wood rail is 31 to 35 cm (12 to 14 in) long. The sexes are alike. Adults have a yellow-green bill, a red eye, and coral red legs and feet. The front of their face and their breast and belly are dark gray, with a white throat. The rest of their face, the sides of their neck, and the upperwing coverts are bright rufous. Their back is brownish olive and their rump, tail, and undertail coverts are black.