Crowned woodnymph

The crowned woodnymph (Thalurania colombica) or violet-crowned woodnymph, is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae.

It is found from Belize and Guatemala to far-northern Peru.

Male crowned woodnymphs are 9.5 to 11.5 cm (3.7 to 4.5 in) long and weigh 4 to 5.5 g (0.14 to 0.19 oz). Females are 8.5 to 9.2 cm (3.3 to 3.6 in) long and weigh 3.5 to 4.2 g (0.12 to 0.15 oz). Adult males of the nominate subspecies T. c. colombica have a violet forehead, crown, upper back, and belly. Their nape is dark bronzy green and lower back and rump dark bluish green. Their throat and chest are glittering green. Their deeply forked tail is blue-black. Adult females have bright green upperparts, pale gray throat and chest, and darker gray belly. The tail is blue-black with white tips on the outer three pairs of feathers. Immature males have dusky crown, throat, and underparts with very limited iridescent purple feathers. Immature females have dull green upperparts and entirely pale gray underparts.

Males of subspecies T. c. townsendi have a bronze nape and a green belly with violet on the sides. Females are dark gray below. T. c. venusta males are larger than the nominate with a longer tail and have a very dark blue-green nape. The female's belly is much darker gray than that of the nominate and has a green gloss. T. c. rostrifera males are very like the nominate but with an all-green back.

T. c. fannyae males replace the nominate's violet forehead and crown with glittering green but are otherwise very similar. Females are essentially the same as the nominate but with somewhat darker gray underparts. The T. c. subtropicalis male is like fannyae but with a more bronzy nape and less violet on the back. Females have paler gray underparts. T. c. verticeps males have an entirely green back. Males of T. c. hypochlora have a mostly green belly with a little violet, a blue nape and sides of the breast, and white fringes on the undertail coverts. Females are entirely pale gray below with white fringes on the undertail coverts.